chore: 记录改造前基线
改造开始前的完整状态，作为可回退的基点。此提交之后：Pester 175 项、零依赖套件 101 项全绿；PowerShell 5.1 尚不可用（源文件无 BOM）。 包含此前未提交的在制品：安全描述符套件、Hyper-V 实验环境（tools/lab）、agent 约定（AGENTS.md 与 docs/agents）。 .gitignore 增加 *.key / *.pfx：BackupConfig.psd1 的 PasswordFile 此前默认指向仓库内的 baknret.key，一次 git add -A 就会把口令提交进版本库。默认值在后续提交中改为空。
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<#
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.SYNOPSIS
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BakNRet 隔离测试环境的共享配置与工具函数（Hyper-V 真机级 VM）。
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.DESCRIPTION
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被 tools\lab\New-BakNRetLab.ps1（一次性搭建）与 tools\lab\Lab.ps1（日常使用）共同导入。
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设计约定：
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* 宿主机侧的一切状态（VHDX、日志、凭据、暂存包）都放在 $LabRoot 下，它刻意位于
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**仓库之外**（默认 D:\VMs\BakNRet-Lab）；测试用的归档、日志因此不会落进真实仓库，
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真实仓库的 Backups\ 与 logs\ 在整套流程里只被读取、从不写入。
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* VM 内的仓库副本在 C:\BakNRet，工具负载在 C:\BakNRet-Lab。
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* 与 VM 的一切交互走 PowerShell Direct（VMBus），不依赖网络、不共享宿主机目录。
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#>
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$script:LabConfig = [ordered]@{
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VmName = 'BakNRet-Lab'
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LabRoot = 'D:\VMs\BakNRet-Lab'
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VhdxPath = 'D:\VMs\BakNRet-Lab\vhdx\BakNRet-Lab.vhdx'
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VhdxSizeGB = 80
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IsoPath = 'F:\Images\Windows\Win11_25H2_Chinese_Simplified_x64_v2.iso'
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ImageIndex = 4 # Windows 11 专业版
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SwitchName = 'Default Switch'
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MemoryStartupGB = 8
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CpuCount = 8
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GuestRepoPath = 'C:\BakNRet'
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GuestLabPath = 'C:\BakNRet-Lab'
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GuestUser = 'lab'
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CheckpointName = 'clean-baseline'
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RepoRoot = (Split-Path -Parent (Split-Path -Parent $PSScriptRoot))
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}
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function Get-LabConfig { return $script:LabConfig }
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function Get-LabPath {
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<# .SYNOPSIS 取宿主机侧实验目录下的路径（自动建父目录）。 #>
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param([Parameter(Mandatory)][string]$Relative)
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$full = Join-Path $script:LabConfig.LabRoot $Relative
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$parent = Split-Path -Parent $full
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if ($parent -and -not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $parent)) { New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path $parent | Out-Null }
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return $full
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}
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function Write-LabLog {
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<# .SYNOPSIS 统一日志：同时进控制台与 $LabRoot\logs\lab.log。 #>
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param([Parameter(Mandatory)][string]$Message, [ValidateSet('INFO','WARN','ERROR','STEP')][string]$Level = 'INFO')
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$line = "[{0}] [{1,-5}] {2}" -f (Get-Date).ToString('HH:mm:ss'), $Level, $Message
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switch ($Level) {
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'STEP' { Write-Host $line -ForegroundColor Cyan }
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'WARN' { Write-Host $line -ForegroundColor Yellow }
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'ERROR' { Write-Host $line -ForegroundColor Red }
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default { Write-Host $line }
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}
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Add-Content -LiteralPath (Get-LabPath 'logs\lab.log') -Value $line -Encoding UTF8 -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
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}
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function Test-LabElevated {
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param()
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return ([Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal][Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()).IsInRole([Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltInRole]::Administrator)
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}
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function Assert-LabElevated {
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<# .SYNOPSIS 需要管理员：非同权限时给出可直接复制的提权命令。 #>
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param([Parameter(Mandatory)][string]$Why)
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if (Test-LabElevated) { return }
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$gsudo = (Get-Command gsudo -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Select-Object -First 1).Source
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$self = $MyInvocation.PSCommandPath
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$hint = if ($gsudo) { "`n $gsudo pwsh -NoProfile -File `"$self`" $($MyInvocation.Line)" } else { '' }
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throw "需要管理员权限：$Why$hint"
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}
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function Get-LabCredentialPath { return (Join-Path $script:LabConfig.LabRoot 'state\credentials.json') }
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function Save-LabCredential {
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<# .SYNOPSIS 把 VM 内 lab 账户的口令写进宿主机侧的 credentials.json（在仓库之外）。 #>
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param([Parameter(Mandatory)][string]$Password)
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$path = Get-LabCredentialPath
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New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path (Split-Path -Parent $path) | Out-Null
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[ordered]@{
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VmName = $script:LabConfig.VmName
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User = $script:LabConfig.GuestUser
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Password = $Password
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SavedAt = (Get-Date).ToString('s')
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} | ConvertTo-Json | Set-Content -LiteralPath $path -Encoding UTF8
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return $path
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}
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function Get-LabCredential {
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<# .SYNOPSIS 读出 VM 凭据为 PSCredential。 #>
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param()
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$path = Get-LabCredentialPath
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if (-not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $path)) { throw "找不到 VM 凭据：$path（先跑 New-BakNRetLab.ps1）" }
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$j = Get-Content -LiteralPath $path -Raw -Encoding UTF8 | ConvertFrom-Json
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$sec = ConvertTo-SecureString $j.Password -AsPlainText -Force
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return [pscredential]::new("$($j.User)", $sec)
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}
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function New-LabPassword {
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<# .SYNOPSIS 生成只含字母数字的口令（避免 XML / 命令行转义问题）。 #>
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param([int]$Length = 24)
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$chars = 'abcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ23456789'
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return -join (1..$Length | ForEach-Object { $chars[(Get-Random -Minimum 0 -Maximum $chars.Length)] })
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}
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function Get-LabVm {
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param()
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return Get-VM -Name $script:LabConfig.VmName -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
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}
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function Wait-LabVMRunning {
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<# .SYNOPSIS 等 VM 进入 Running。 #>
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param([int]$TimeoutSeconds = 300)
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$sw = [Diagnostics.Stopwatch]::StartNew()
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while ($sw.Elapsed.TotalSeconds -lt $TimeoutSeconds) {
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$vm = Get-LabVm
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if ($vm -and $vm.State -eq 'Running') { return $true }
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Start-Sleep -Seconds 3
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}
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return $false
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}
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function New-LabSession {
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<# .SYNOPSIS 建立 PowerShell Direct 会话（VMBus，不经网络）。 #>
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param([int]$RetrySeconds = 600)
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$cred = Get-LabCredential
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$sw = [Diagnostics.Stopwatch]::StartNew()
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$lastError = $null
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while ($sw.Elapsed.TotalSeconds -lt $RetrySeconds) {
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try {
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$s = New-PSSession -VMName $script:LabConfig.VmName -Credential $cred -ErrorAction Stop
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Write-LabLog "PowerShell Direct 会话已建立（等待 $([math]::Round($sw.Elapsed.TotalSeconds)) 秒）"
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return $s
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} catch {
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$lastError = $_.Exception.Message
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Start-Sleep -Seconds 5
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}
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}
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throw "无法建立 PowerShell Direct 会话：$lastError"
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}
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function Invoke-LabCommand {
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<# .SYNOPSIS 在 VM 里跑一段脚本并回传结果（自动建/收会话）。 #>
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param(
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[Parameter(Mandatory)][scriptblock]$ScriptBlock,
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[object[]]$ArgumentList = @(),
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[int]$RetrySeconds = 600
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)
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$s = New-LabSession -RetrySeconds $RetrySeconds
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try {
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return Invoke-Command -Session $s -ScriptBlock $ScriptBlock -ArgumentList $ArgumentList -ErrorAction Stop
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} finally {
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Remove-PSSession -Session $s -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
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}
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}
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function Copy-LabFileToGuest {
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<# .SYNOPSIS 宿主机 -> VM 传文件（Copy-VMFile，需要 Guest Service Interface）。 #>
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param(
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[Parameter(Mandatory)][string]$SourcePath,
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[Parameter(Mandatory)][string]$DestinationPath
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)
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Copy-VMFile -VMName $script:LabConfig.VmName -SourcePath $SourcePath `
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-DestinationPath $DestinationPath -CreateFullPath -FileSource Host -Force
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}
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function Get-HostSevenZip {
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<# .SYNOPSIS 宿主机 7z 路径（用来打包仓库快照）。 #>
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param()
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$c = Get-Command 7z -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Select-Object -First 1
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if (-not $c) { throw '宿主机找不到 7z' }
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return $c.Source
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}
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function Test-LabGuestReady {
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<# .SYNOPSIS 判断 VM 内供给是否完成（provision.ok）。 #>
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param()
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try {
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$r = Invoke-LabCommand -ScriptBlock { Test-Path 'C:\BakNRet-Lab\state\provision.ok' } -RetrySeconds 60
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return [bool]$r
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} catch { return $false }
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}
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