diff --git a/Backup.ps1 b/Backup.ps1
index 09a743a..1a5cc51 100644
--- a/Backup.ps1
+++ b/Backup.ps1
@@ -183,49 +183,6 @@ if ($freeSpaceGB -ge 0) {
 
 
 
-function Save-ItemRecord {
-    param($Record, [string]$Action, [string]$Reason, [bool]$ArchiveWarnings = $false)
-
-    $previous = $null
-    if ($manifest.items.Contains($Record.baseName)) { $previous = $manifest.items[$Record.baseName] }
-
-    $Record.action = $Action
-    $Record.reason = $Reason
-    $Record.finishedAt = (Get-Date).ToString('o')
-
-    # warnings 描述的是"当前在位的归档"，不是"这次尝试"。
-    # 只有真正换掉了归档才更新它；否则沿用上一条记录，
-    # 否则"因为不完整而保留旧归档"之后，下一次就失去保护了。
-    if ($Action -eq 'backed-up') {
-        $Record.warnings = $ArchiveWarnings
-    }
-    elseif ($previous -and ($previous.PSObject.Properties.Name -contains 'warnings')) {
-        $Record.warnings = [bool]$previous.warnings
-    }
-
-    # security 描述的是"当前在位的归档"的旁挂文件，和 warnings 同理：
-    # 只有真的换了归档才更新它，否则跳过的那次会把已有记录清成 $null。
-    if ($Action -ne 'backed-up' -and $previous -and ($previous.PSObject.Properties.Name -contains 'security')) {
-        $Record.security = $previous.security
-    }
-
-    if ($previous) {
-        if ($previous.PSObject.Properties.Name -contains 'lastSuccessAt') { $Record.lastSuccessAt = $previous.lastSuccessAt }
-        if ($previous.PSObject.Properties.Name -contains 'successCount') { $Record.successCount = [int]$previous.successCount }
-        if ($previous.PSObject.Properties.Name -contains 'failCount') { $Record.failCount = [int]$previous.failCount }
-    }
-
-    if ($Action -eq 'backed-up') {
-        $Record.lastSuccessAt = $Record.finishedAt
-        $Record.successCount = [int]$Record.successCount + 1
-    }
-    elseif ($Action -eq 'failed') {
-        $Record.failCount = [int]$Record.failCount + 1
-    }
-
-    $manifest.items[$Record.baseName] = $Record
-    return $Record
-}
 
 # 压缩 + 校验 + 原子替换；返回 @{ Ok; ExitCode; Warnings; Reason }
 #
@@ -493,7 +450,7 @@ foreach ($line in $lines) {
 
     if (-not $resolved.BaseName) {
         $record = New-BakNRetItemRecord -BaseName ('raw:' + $displayPath) -Source $displayPath -ResolvedSource $displayPath -Phase 'parse'
-        Save-ItemRecord -Record $record -Action 'failed' -Reason '无法生成归档名' | Out-Null
+        Save-BakNRetItemRecord -Manifest $manifest -Record $record -Action 'failed' -Reason '无法生成归档名' | Out-Null
         $failed++; $failures += $displayPath
         continue
     }
@@ -513,7 +470,7 @@ foreach ($line in $lines) {
         $reason = "归档名 '$baseName' 与清单中的 '$($seenBaseNames[$baseName])' 重复（由 '$displayPath' 生成），两者会互相覆盖"
         Write-BakNRetLog "失败: $displayPath，$reason" -Level ERROR
         $record = New-BakNRetItemRecord -BaseName $baseName -Source $displayPath -ResolvedSource $sourcePath -Phase 'backup'
-        Save-ItemRecord -Record $record -Action 'failed' -Reason $reason | Out-Null
+        Save-BakNRetItemRecord -Manifest $manifest -Record $record -Action 'failed' -Reason $reason | Out-Null
         $failed++; $failures += $displayPath
         continue
     }
@@ -537,7 +494,7 @@ foreach ($line in $lines) {
     # 归档内路径冲突：明确失败，绝不把两块内容静默搅进同一棵树
     if ($resolved.Blocking) {
         Write-BakNRetLog "失败: $displayPath，$($resolved.Blocking)" -Level ERROR
-        Save-ItemRecord -Record $record -Action 'failed' -Reason $resolved.Blocking | Out-Null
+        Save-BakNRetItemRecord -Manifest $manifest -Record $record -Action 'failed' -Reason $resolved.Blocking | Out-Null
         $failed++; $failures += $displayPath
         continue
     }
@@ -561,7 +518,7 @@ foreach ($line in $lines) {
     if ($resolved.Items.Count -eq 0) {
         $reason = if ($resolved.Error) { $resolved.Error } else { '解析不出任何源路径' }
         Write-BakNRetLog "跳过: $displayPath，$reason" -Level WARN
-        Save-ItemRecord -Record $record -Action 'missing-source' -Reason $reason | Out-Null
+        Save-BakNRetItemRecord -Manifest $manifest -Record $record -Action 'missing-source' -Reason $reason | Out-Null
         $skipped++
         continue
     }
@@ -573,7 +530,7 @@ foreach ($line in $lines) {
     if ($missingItems.Count -ge $resolved.Items.Count) {
         $missingText = @($missingItems | ForEach-Object { $_.RealPath }) -join '；'
         Write-BakNRetLog "跳过: $displayPath，源路径不存在" -Level WARN
-        Save-ItemRecord -Record $record -Action 'missing-source' -Reason ('源路径不存在：' + $missingText) | Out-Null
+        Save-BakNRetItemRecord -Manifest $manifest -Record $record -Action 'missing-source' -Reason ('源路径不存在：' + $missingText) | Out-Null
         $skipped++
         continue
     }
@@ -602,7 +559,7 @@ foreach ($line in $lines) {
     $primarySource = $liveItems[0].RealPath
     if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($primarySource)) {
         Write-BakNRetLog "跳过: $displayPath，无法确定主源路径" -Level WARN
-        Save-ItemRecord -Record $record -Action 'invalid-path' -Reason '归档项没有可用路径' | Out-Null
+        Save-BakNRetItemRecord -Manifest $manifest -Record $record -Action 'invalid-path' -Reason '归档项没有可用路径' | Out-Null
         $skipped++
         continue
     }
@@ -636,7 +593,7 @@ foreach ($line in $lines) {
     if (-not $Force -and $archiveItem -and $sourceLatest -and $sourceLatest -le $archiveItem.LastWriteTime) {
         Write-BakNRetLog "跳过: $displayPath，源目录未更新" -Level INFO
         $record.archiveBytes = $archiveItem.Length
-        Save-ItemRecord -Record $record -Action 'skip-unchanged' -Reason ('源最新修改时间 {0} 不晚于归档时间 {1}' -f $sourceLatest, $archiveItem.LastWriteTime) | Out-Null
+        Save-BakNRetItemRecord -Manifest $manifest -Record $record -Action 'skip-unchanged' -Reason ('源最新修改时间 {0} 不晚于归档时间 {1}' -f $sourceLatest, $archiveItem.LastWriteTime) | Out-Null
         $skipped++
         continue
     }
@@ -651,7 +608,7 @@ foreach ($line in $lines) {
     if ($freeSpaceGB -ge 0 -and $estimatedGB -gt 0 -and $freeSpaceGB -lt $estimatedGB) {
         $reason = ('剩余空间 {0} GB 不足以写入预估 {1} GB 的新归档' -f $freeSpaceGB, [math]::Round($estimatedGB, 2))
         Write-BakNRetLog "失败: $displayPath，$reason" -Level ERROR
-        Save-ItemRecord -Record $record -Action 'failed' -Reason $reason | Out-Null
+        Save-BakNRetItemRecord -Manifest $manifest -Record $record -Action 'failed' -Reason $reason | Out-Null
         $failed++; $failures += $displayPath
         continue
     }
@@ -659,7 +616,7 @@ foreach ($line in $lines) {
     if ($DryRun) {
         Write-BakNRetLog ("[试运行] 将打包 {0} -> {1}" -f $sourcePath, $finalPath) -Level INFO
         $record.reason = '试运行，未执行压缩'
-        Save-ItemRecord -Record $record -Action 'planned' -Reason '试运行，未执行压缩' | Out-Null
+        Save-BakNRetItemRecord -Manifest $manifest -Record $record -Action 'planned' -Reason '试运行，未执行压缩' | Out-Null
         $planned++
         continue
     }
@@ -693,7 +650,7 @@ foreach ($line in $lines) {
 
     if ($excludeError) {
         Write-BakNRetLog "失败: $displayPath，$excludeError" -Level ERROR
-        Save-ItemRecord -Record $record -Action 'failed' -Reason $excludeError | Out-Null
+        Save-BakNRetItemRecord -Manifest $manifest -Record $record -Action 'failed' -Reason $excludeError | Out-Null
         $failed++; $failures += $displayPath
         continue
     }
@@ -731,7 +688,7 @@ foreach ($line in $lines) {
 
     if (-not $result.Ok) {
         Write-BakNRetLog "备份失败: $displayPath，$($result.Reason)" -Level ERROR
-        Save-ItemRecord -Record $record -Action 'failed' -Reason $result.Reason | Out-Null
+        Save-BakNRetItemRecord -Manifest $manifest -Record $record -Action 'failed' -Reason $result.Reason | Out-Null
         $failed++; $failures += $displayPath
         continue
     }
@@ -793,7 +750,7 @@ foreach ($line in $lines) {
 
         if ($securityFatal) {
             Write-BakNRetLog "失败: $displayPath，归档已替换，但安全描述符没能存下来（Security.FailOnError = \$true）" -Level ERROR
-            Save-ItemRecord -Record $record -Action 'failed' -Reason '归档已替换，但安全描述符没能存下来' | Out-Null
+            Save-BakNRetItemRecord -Manifest $manifest -Record $record -Action 'failed' -Reason '归档已替换，但安全描述符没能存下来' | Out-Null
             $failed++; $failures += $displayPath
             continue
         }
@@ -813,7 +770,7 @@ foreach ($line in $lines) {
         Write-BakNRetLog "已留存快照: $target" -Level INFO
     }
 
-    Save-ItemRecord -Record $record -Action 'backed-up' -Reason $null -ArchiveWarnings $result.Warnings | Out-Null
+    Save-BakNRetItemRecord -Manifest $manifest -Record $record -Action 'backed-up' -Reason $null -ArchiveWarnings $result.Warnings | Out-Null
     $processed++
 }
 
diff --git a/BakNRet/BakNRet.psd1 b/BakNRet/BakNRet.psd1
index eb96a5d..239d0cc 100644
--- a/BakNRet/BakNRet.psd1
+++ b/BakNRet/BakNRet.psd1
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
     CompatiblePSEditions = @('Desktop', 'Core')
 
     FunctionsToExport    = @(
+        'Save-BakNRetItemRecord',
         'New-BakNRetItemRecord',
         'Find-BakNRet7zExecutable',
         'Resolve-BakNRetRootedPath',
diff --git a/BakNRet/BakNRet.psm1 b/BakNRet/BakNRet.psm1
index 82415b4..1559181 100644
--- a/BakNRet/BakNRet.psm1
+++ b/BakNRet/BakNRet.psm1
@@ -140,7 +140,10 @@
 
 . (Join-Path $PSScriptRoot 'Public\New-BakNRetItemRecord.ps1')
 
+. (Join-Path $PSScriptRoot 'Public\Save-BakNRetItemRecord.ps1')
+
 Export-ModuleMember -Function @(
+    'Save-BakNRetItemRecord',
     'New-BakNRetItemRecord',
     'Find-BakNRet7zExecutable',
     'Resolve-BakNRetRootedPath',
diff --git a/BakNRet/Public/Save-BakNRetItemRecord.ps1 b/BakNRet/Public/Save-BakNRetItemRecord.ps1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe304f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/BakNRet/Public/Save-BakNRetItemRecord.ps1
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+function Save-BakNRetItemRecord {
+    <#
+    .SYNOPSIS
+        把一条条目记录并进 manifest，并维护"当前在位归档"的那几项（warnings / security / 计数）。
+
+    .DESCRIPTION
+        为什么 Manifest 是参数、而且**不需要**接返回值：$Manifest.items 是哈希表，传参是引用语义，
+        函数里的写入直接落在调用方持有的那份 manifest 上。原先它躺在 Backup.ps1 里直接用脚本级的
+        $manifest，那样"这个函数会改全局账本"这条事实只存在于读代码的人的注意力里；现在它写在
+        签名上，13 个调用点每一个都能看出来自己在动账本。
+
+        两条容易被改错、这里刻意保留下来的语义：
+          * warnings 描述的是"当前在位的归档"，不是"这次尝试"。只有真的换掉了归档才更新它，
+            否则"因为不完整而保留旧归档"之后，下一次就失去保护了。
+          * security 同理：只有真的换了归档才更新旁挂文件的信息，否则跳过的那次会把已有记录清成 $null。
+    #>
+    param(
+        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]$Manifest,
+        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]$Record,
+        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)][string]$Action,
+        [string]$Reason,
+        [bool]$ArchiveWarnings = $false
+    )
+
+    $previous = $null
+    if ($Manifest.items.Contains($Record.baseName)) { $previous = $Manifest.items[$Record.baseName] }
+
+    $Record.action = $Action
+    $Record.reason = $Reason
+    $Record.finishedAt = (Get-Date).ToString('o')
+
+    if ($Action -eq 'backed-up') {
+        $Record.warnings = $ArchiveWarnings
+    }
+    elseif ($previous -and ($previous.PSObject.Properties.Name -contains 'warnings')) {
+        $Record.warnings = [bool]$previous.warnings
+    }
+
+    if ($Action -ne 'backed-up' -and $previous -and ($previous.PSObject.Properties.Name -contains 'security')) {
+        $Record.security = $previous.security
+    }
+
+    if ($previous) {
+        if ($previous.PSObject.Properties.Name -contains 'lastSuccessAt') { $Record.lastSuccessAt = $previous.lastSuccessAt }
+        if ($previous.PSObject.Properties.Name -contains 'successCount') { $Record.successCount = [int]$previous.successCount }
+        if ($previous.PSObject.Properties.Name -contains 'failCount') { $Record.failCount = [int]$previous.failCount }
+    }
+
+    if ($Action -eq 'backed-up') {
+        $Record.lastSuccessAt = $Record.finishedAt
+        $Record.successCount = [int]$Record.successCount + 1
+    }
+    elseif ($Action -eq 'failed') {
+        $Record.failCount = [int]$Record.failCount + 1
+    }
+
+    $Manifest.items[$Record.baseName] = $Record
+    return $Record
+}