From e10503be7659ce5199d0161df09a764446633134 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Shuery <2463253700@qq.com>
Date: Sat, 26 Sep 2026 22:15:20 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?fix:=20=E8=AE=A9=205.1=20=E7=9C=9F=E6=AD=A3?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=E5=8F=AF=E7=94=A8=EF=BC=88=E6=98=BE=E5=BC=8F=E7=BC=96=E7=A0=81?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=20+=20=E5=8E=9F=E7=94=9F=20stderr=20=E5=A4=84=E7=90=86=20+=20.?=
 =?UTF-8?q?psd1=20=E5=A4=B9=E5=85=B7=E5=B8=A6=20BOM=EF=BC=89?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

上一提交让 5.1 能解析源码，但 Unit 与 Smoke 在 5.1 上仍然是红的。根因是三类彼此
无关的 5.1/7 行为差，全部实测确认：

1) 不写 -Encoding 时，5.1 的 Get-Content / Set-Content 默认是 ANSI，7 是 UTF-8。
   症状是 UTF-8 字节被按 GBK 解出「璇存槑」这类乱码。62 处补上显式 -Encoding UTF8。
   用 AST 而不是正则定位，避免把注释里的散文也改掉。

2) .psd1 夹具用无 BOM 写，而引擎的 .psd1 读取器（Import-PowerShellDataFile）只能靠
   BOM 判断编码、没有参数可传，于是 5.1 按 ANSI 解。40 处夹具改为带 BOM 写 —— 这正是
   .editorconfig 里 [*.psd1] charset = utf-8-bom 本来就要求的，是夹具违反了自己的约定。
   .cmd 批次文件刻意保持无 BOM：cmd.exe 会被 BOM 弄坏。

3) 5.1 在 $ErrorActionPreference = Stop 下会把原生命令写到 stderr 的内容升级成终止性
   NativeCommandError，7 改了这条。takeown/icacls 的 ACL 复位调用、以及 test.ps1 自己
   调子进程的地方，都需要在 Continue 下跑。

验收：test.ps1 9/9 全绿（Encode + Parse + Unit + Smoke + E2E，在 7 与 5.1 上各跑一遍）。

已知未处理（留待后续提交）：tools/lab/** 里还有若干「原生命令 + 2>&1 + Stop」的同类
写法（takeown / icacls / scoop / code / Get-WimInfo）。它们要 Hyper-V 实验机才跑得到，
不在验收门槛内。
---
 Backup.ps1                             |  4 +-
 Restore.ps1                            |  4 +-
 test.ps1                               |  4 ++
 tests/BakNRet.Formats.Tests.ps1        | 44 +++++++++----------
 tests/BakNRet.Security.Tests.ps1       | 24 ++++++++---
 tests/BakNRet.Tests.ps1                | 32 +++++++-------
 tests/Restore-Drill.ps1                |  4 +-
 tests/Run-E2E.ps1                      | 38 ++++++++--------
 tests/Run-Tests.ps1                    | 60 +++++++++++++-------------
 tools/Rename-Archives.ps1              |  2 +-
 tools/lab/Lab.ps1                      |  2 +-
 tools/lab/New-BakNRetLab.ps1           |  2 +-
 tools/lab/payload/run-acl-scenario.ps1 |  6 +--
 13 files changed, 122 insertions(+), 104 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Backup.ps1 b/Backup.ps1
index 18884d8..e57bd8f 100644
--- a/Backup.ps1
+++ b/Backup.ps1
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ if (-not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $BackupListPath)) {
     "# 示例: Edge`n" +
     "#       %UserProfile%\.ssh :encrypt`n" +
     "# 完整语法见 README 与 BackupList.txt 自身的注释。`n"
-    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($BackupListPath, $template, [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($BackupListPath, $template, [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
     Write-Log '模板 BackupList.txt 已创建，请编辑后重试。' -Level INFO
     Stop-BaknretLog
     exit 0
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ $encryptAll = [bool]$script:Config.Encryption.Enabled
 $showToolOutput = (-not $QuietTool) -and ($script:Config.ToolOutput -ne 'quiet')
 $toolQuietArgument = if ($showToolOutput) { @() } else { @('-bso0', '-bsp0') }
 
-$lines = Get-Content -LiteralPath $BackupListPath
+$lines = Get-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath $BackupListPath
 $seenBaseNames = @{}
 $processed = 0; $skipped = 0; $failed = 0; $planned = 0
 $securityErrorCount = 0   # 有条目"安全描述符里有读不到的对象"
diff --git a/Restore.ps1 b/Restore.ps1
index 53e448b..05848c2 100644
--- a/Restore.ps1
+++ b/Restore.ps1
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ if (-not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $BackupListPath)) {
     }
 
     $content = "# BackupList.txt（自动生成，排除规则需要手工补回）`n" + (($paths -join [Environment]::NewLine) + [Environment]::NewLine)
-    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($BackupListPath, $content, [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($BackupListPath, $content, [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
     Write-Log "已生成配置，包含 $($paths.Count) 个项目，请检查后重新运行" -Level INFO
     Stop-BaknretLog
     exit 0
@@ -509,7 +509,7 @@ function Test-EntrySelected {
 # 主流程
 # ============================================================================
 
-$lines = Get-Content -LiteralPath $BackupListPath -ErrorAction Stop
+$lines = Get-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath $BackupListPath -ErrorAction Stop
 $stats = @{ restored = 0; skipped = 0; failed = 0; verified = 0; planned = 0 }
 $securityApplied = 0   # 本次回放成功的安全描述符对象数
 $failures = @()
diff --git a/test.ps1 b/test.ps1
index 9c5ec1f..0360bcc 100644
--- a/test.ps1
+++ b/test.ps1
@@ -94,6 +94,9 @@ function Invoke-ScriptInHost {
     $argumentList = @('-NoProfile', '-ExecutionPolicy', 'Bypass', '-File', $ScriptPath) + $Arguments
 
     try {
+        # 5.1 在 $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop' 下会把原生命令写到 stderr 的内容升级成
+        # 终止性错误；而被调脚本往 stderr 写字是正常的（7z 就这么干），不该让验收崩掉。
+        $ErrorActionPreference = 'Continue'
         if ($Quiet) {
             & $exeOf[$HostName] @argumentList *> $null
         } else {
@@ -176,6 +179,7 @@ function Invoke-ParseLayer {
     Set-Content -LiteralPath $probe -Value $parseProbeSource -Encoding ascii
 
     try {
+        $ErrorActionPreference = 'Continue'   # 同上：原生命令的 stderr 不是错误
         $output = & $exeOf[$HostName] -NoProfile -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File $probe $root 2>&1
         $summary = @($output | Where-Object { $_ -match '^SUMMARY=' })
         $failures = @($output | Where-Object { $_ -match '^\s+\[!\]' })
diff --git a/tests/BakNRet.Formats.Tests.ps1 b/tests/BakNRet.Formats.Tests.ps1
index 47c6566..d52f3cd 100644
--- a/tests/BakNRet.Formats.Tests.ps1
+++ b/tests/BakNRet.Formats.Tests.ps1
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ BeforeAll {
 
     function Write-ListFile {
         param([Parameter(Mandatory = $true)][string]$Path, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)][string]$Content)
-        [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($Path, $Content, [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+        [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($Path, $Content, [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
         return $Path
     }
 }
@@ -102,18 +102,18 @@ Describe '软件名录：Slot 形状（新契约）' {
         $script:DirB = Join-Path $script:FormatRoot 'dirB'
         foreach ($directory in $script:DirA, $script:DirB) {
             New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $directory -Force | Out-Null
-            Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $directory 'keep.txt') "keep-$directory"
+            Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $directory 'keep.txt') "keep-$directory"
         }
         New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path (Join-Path $script:DirA 'Cache') -Force | Out-Null
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:DirA 'Cache\c.bin') 'cache'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:DirA 'Cache\c.bin') 'cache'
         $script:CfgFile = Join-Path $script:FormatRoot 'settings.json'
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath $script:CfgFile '{"a":1}'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath $script:CfgFile '{"a":1}'
 
         # 两个不同父目录下各有一个**同名**子目录 —— 供"归档内同名"冲突测试用
         $script:CollideRoot = Join-Path $script:FormatRoot 'collide'
         foreach ($parent in 'p1', 'p2') {
             New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path (Join-Path $script:CollideRoot "$parent\dupdir") -Force | Out-Null
-            Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:CollideRoot "$parent\dupdir\x.txt") $parent
+            Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:CollideRoot "$parent\dupdir\x.txt") $parent
         }
 
         $script:MissingDir = Join-Path $script:FormatRoot 'not-here'
@@ -324,12 +324,12 @@ Describe '集成：Slot 布局的打包与恢复' -Skip:(-not ($script:HasSevenZ
         New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $script:SlotCfgDir -Force | Out-Null
         New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $script:SlotInclude -Force | Out-Null
 
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:SlotAppOne 'one.txt') 'one'
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:SlotAppOne 'sub\deep.txt') 'deep'
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:SlotAppOne 'Cache\c.bin') 'cache'
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:SlotAppTwo 'two.txt') 'two'
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:SlotCfgDir 'settings.json') '{"a":1}'
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:SlotInclude 'mod.txt') 'mod'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:SlotAppOne 'one.txt') 'one'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:SlotAppOne 'sub\deep.txt') 'deep'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:SlotAppOne 'Cache\c.bin') 'cache'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:SlotAppTwo 'two.txt') 'two'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:SlotCfgDir 'settings.json') '{"a":1}'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:SlotInclude 'mod.txt') 'mod'
 
         $appOne = $script:SlotAppOne
         $appTwo = $script:SlotAppTwo
@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ Describe '集成：Slot 布局的打包与恢复' -Skip:(-not ($script:HasSevenZ
         Test-Path -LiteralPath (Join-Path $verify 'Extra\two.txt') | Should -BeTrue
         Test-Path -LiteralPath (Join-Path $verify 'Modules\mod.txt') | Should -BeTrue
         Test-Path -LiteralPath (Join-Path $verify 'Cfg') -PathType Leaf | Should -BeTrue
-        (Get-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $verify 'Cfg') -Raw).Trim() | Should -Be '{"a":1}'
+        (Get-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $verify 'Cfg') -Raw).Trim() | Should -Be '{"a":1}'
     }
 
     It '真实恢复：目录 Slot、文件 Slot 与 Include 都落回各自的原位' {
@@ -404,10 +404,10 @@ Describe '集成：Slot 布局的打包与恢复' -Skip:(-not ($script:HasSevenZ
         $run.ExitCode | Should -Be 0
         $run.Output | Should -Match '恢复成功: appkit'
 
-        (Get-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:SlotAppOne 'one.txt') -Raw).Trim() | Should -Be 'one'
-        (Get-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:SlotAppOne 'sub\deep.txt') -Raw).Trim() | Should -Be 'deep'
-        (Get-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:SlotAppTwo 'two.txt') -Raw).Trim() | Should -Be 'two'
-        (Get-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:SlotInclude 'mod.txt') -Raw).Trim() | Should -Be 'mod'
+        (Get-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:SlotAppOne 'one.txt') -Raw).Trim() | Should -Be 'one'
+        (Get-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:SlotAppOne 'sub\deep.txt') -Raw).Trim() | Should -Be 'deep'
+        (Get-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:SlotAppTwo 'two.txt') -Raw).Trim() | Should -Be 'two'
+        (Get-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:SlotInclude 'mod.txt') -Raw).Trim() | Should -Be 'mod'
 
         # 被 Slot 排除的缓存没有进过归档，自然也不会被恢复出来
         Test-Path -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:SlotAppOne 'Cache\c.bin') | Should -BeFalse
@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ Describe '集成：Slot 布局的打包与恢复' -Skip:(-not ($script:HasSevenZ
         # 目标文件被删掉了，名录解析只能得到 IsFile=false；判据要靠 manifest 的 layouts。
         $restored = Join-Path $script:SlotCfgDir 'settings.json'
         (Test-Path -LiteralPath $restored -PathType Leaf) | Should -BeTrue
-        (Get-Content -LiteralPath $restored -Raw).Trim() | Should -Be '{"a":1}'
+        (Get-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath $restored -Raw).Trim() | Should -Be '{"a":1}'
     }
 
     It '恢复之后 manifest 记下 lastRestoreAt' {
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@ Describe '集成：旧布局归档的回退恢复' -Skip:(-not ($script:HasSeven
         $script:LegacyLeaf = 'My Code Space'
         New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path (Join-Path $script:LegacyHolder $script:LegacyLeaf) -Force | Out-Null
         New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $script:LegacyDestParent -Force | Out-Null
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:LegacyHolder "$script:LegacyLeaf\legacy.txt") 'old-layout'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:LegacyHolder "$script:LegacyLeaf\legacy.txt") 'old-layout'
 
         $destPath = Join-Path $script:LegacyDestParent $script:LegacyLeaf
         $script:LegacyCatalog = Write-ListFile -Path (Join-Path $script:LegacyRoot 'cat.psd1') -Content @"
@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@ Describe '集成：旧布局归档的回退恢复' -Skip:(-not ($script:HasSeven
         $run.ExitCode | Should -Be 0
         $run.Output | Should -Match '按旧布局回退'
         Test-Path -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:LegacyDestParent "$script:LegacyLeaf\legacy.txt") | Should -BeTrue
-        (Get-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:LegacyDestParent "$script:LegacyLeaf\legacy.txt") -Raw).Trim() | Should -Be 'old-layout'
+        (Get-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:LegacyDestParent "$script:LegacyLeaf\legacy.txt") -Raw).Trim() | Should -Be 'old-layout'
     }
 
     It '归档里既没有 Slot 层、也没有旧布局名字时明确失败（不再"成功地什么都没恢复"）' {
@@ -513,7 +513,7 @@ Describe '集成：归档内路径冲突会被拒绝执行' -Skip:(-not ($script
         $p2 = Join-Path $script:RejectRoot 'p2\dupdir'
         foreach ($directory in $p1, $p2) {
             New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $directory -Force | Out-Null
-            Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $directory 'x.txt') 'x'
+            Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $directory 'x.txt') 'x'
         }
         # Slot 叫 Data，Include 也要放进包内的 Data -> 同一个位置，必须报错
         Write-ListFile -Path $script:RejectCatalog -Content "@{`n    'collide' = @{ Data = @{ Path = '$p1' } }`n}`n" | Out-Null
@@ -556,7 +556,7 @@ Describe '条目从清单里消失后，旧归档必须被点名为孤儿' -Skip
         $script:OrphanRoot = Join-Path $script:Sandbox 'orphan-e2e'
         $script:OrphanSource = Join-Path $script:OrphanRoot 'src\My App'
         New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $script:OrphanSource -Force | Out-Null
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:OrphanSource 'data.txt') 'hello'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:OrphanSource 'data.txt') 'hello'
 
         $script:OrphanCatalog = Write-ListFile -Path (Join-Path $script:OrphanRoot 'cat.psd1') `
             -Content "@{ 'my-app' = @{ Default = @{ Path = '$script:OrphanSource' } } }`n"
@@ -606,7 +606,7 @@ Describe 'manifest 一致性：archive 字段只在文件真的存在时才写'
     BeforeAll {
         $script:SyncRoot = Join-Path $script:Sandbox 'sync'
         New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $script:SyncRoot -Force | Out-Null
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:SyncRoot 'real.7z') 'x'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:SyncRoot 'real.7z') 'x'
 
         $script:SyncManifestPath = Join-Path $script:SyncRoot 'manifest.json'
         $manifest = Read-BaknretManifest -Path $script:SyncManifestPath
diff --git a/tests/BakNRet.Security.Tests.ps1 b/tests/BakNRet.Security.Tests.ps1
index a6c67c5..694685e 100644
--- a/tests/BakNRet.Security.Tests.ps1
+++ b/tests/BakNRet.Security.Tests.ps1
@@ -97,8 +97,22 @@ BeforeAll {
         <# .SYNOPSIS 先把 ACL 复位再删：拒绝型 / protected 的 DACL 会让 Remove-Item 直接失败。 #>
         param([Parameter(Mandatory = $true)][string]$Path)
         if (-not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $Path)) { return }
-        & takeown.exe /F $Path /R /D Y 2>&1 | Out-Null
-        & icacls.exe $Path /reset /T /C /Q 2>&1 | Out-Null
+
+        # 这两个是原生命令，失败与否都不该打断测试 —— 它们的唯一目的是"把 ACL 复位到能删"。
+        #
+        # 必须在 Continue 下调用：Windows PowerShell 5.1 在 $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+        # 时，会把原生命令写到 stderr 的内容升级成终止性的 NativeCommandError 抛出来
+        # （takeown / icacls 对"已经处理过"的对象就会写 stderr）。PowerShell 7 改了这条
+        # 规矩，所以这段在 7 上一直是绿的，只在 5.1 上炸。
+        $previousPreference = $ErrorActionPreference
+        $ErrorActionPreference = 'Continue'
+        try {
+            & takeown.exe /F $Path /R /D Y 2>&1 | Out-Null
+            & icacls.exe $Path /reset /T /C /Q 2>&1 | Out-Null
+        } finally {
+            $ErrorActionPreference = $previousPreference
+        }
+
         Remove-Item -LiteralPath $Path -Recurse -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
     }
 
@@ -160,7 +174,7 @@ BeforeAll {
         New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $backupDir -Force | Out-Null
 
         $listPath = Join-Path $dir 'BackupList.txt'
-        [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($listPath, "$sourcePath`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+        [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($listPath, "$sourcePath`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
 
         $configPath = Join-Path $dir 'BackupConfig.psd1'
         $configText = @"
@@ -180,7 +194,7 @@ BeforeAll {
     DefaultExcludes  = @()
 }
 "@
-        [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($configPath, $configText, [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+        [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($configPath, $configText, [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
 
         return [pscustomobject]@{
             Dir        = $dir
@@ -426,7 +440,7 @@ Describe '与 Backup.ps1 / Restore.ps1 的集成' -Skip:(-not $script:HasSevenZi
         $sidecars.Count | Should -Be 1
         $result.Output | Should -Match '安全描述符：3 个对象'
 
-        $manifest = Get-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:Harness.BackupDir 'manifest.json') -Raw | ConvertFrom-Json
+        $manifest = Get-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:Harness.BackupDir 'manifest.json') -Raw | ConvertFrom-Json
         $key = @($manifest.items.PSObject.Properties.Name)[0]
         $manifest.items.$key.security.file | Should -Be $sidecars[0].Name
         $manifest.items.$key.security.objects | Should -Be 3
diff --git a/tests/BakNRet.Tests.ps1 b/tests/BakNRet.Tests.ps1
index 9df11af..81d8e11 100644
--- a/tests/BakNRet.Tests.ps1
+++ b/tests/BakNRet.Tests.ps1
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ BeforeAll {
 
     function Write-ListFile {
         param([Parameter(Mandatory = $true)][string]$Path, [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)][string]$Content)
-        [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($Path, $Content, [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+        [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($Path, $Content, [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
         return $Path
     }
 }
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ Describe '归档命名' {
         $script:NamingRoot = Join-Path $script:Sandbox 'naming'
         $script:NamingApp = Join-Path $script:NamingRoot 'Real App'
         New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $script:NamingApp -Force | Out-Null
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:NamingApp 'keep.txt') 'k'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:NamingApp 'keep.txt') 'k'
 
         $script:NamingCatalog = Write-ListFile -Path (Join-Path $script:NamingRoot 'cat.psd1') -Content @"
 @{
@@ -415,8 +415,8 @@ Describe '7z 排除参数翻译' {
         $script:ExcludeTree = Join-Path $script:Sandbox 'exclude-tree'
         New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path (Join-Path $script:ExcludeTree 'sub\Cache') -Force | Out-Null
         New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path (Join-Path $script:ExcludeTree 'Keep') -Force | Out-Null
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:ExcludeTree 'sub\Cache\x.bin') 'x'
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:ExcludeTree 'Keep\y.bin') 'y'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:ExcludeTree 'sub\Cache\x.bin') 'x'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:ExcludeTree 'Keep\y.bin') 'y'
 
         function New-TestArchiveItem {
             param([string]$ArchivePath, [string]$RealPath = 'C:\nonexistent-path')
@@ -573,8 +573,8 @@ Describe '归档项与暂存目录' {
         $script:StagingDir = Join-Path $script:StagingRoot 'real-dir'
         $script:StagingFile = Join-Path $script:StagingRoot 'settings.json'
         New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path (Join-Path $script:StagingDir 'inner') -Force | Out-Null
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:StagingDir 'inner\a.txt') 'a'
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath $script:StagingFile 'file-content'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:StagingDir 'inner\a.txt') 'a'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath $script:StagingFile 'file-content'
     }
 
     It 'New-BaknretArchiveItem 规范化归档内路径并算出 TopName' {
@@ -611,7 +611,7 @@ Describe '归档项与暂存目录' {
             # 文件项：归档内的名字就叫 Cfg（没有扩展名），内容与源文件一致
             $cfg = Get-Item -LiteralPath (Join-Path $stage 'Cfg') -Force
             $cfg.PSIsContainer | Should -BeFalse
-            (Get-Content -LiteralPath $cfg.FullName -Raw).Trim() | Should -Be 'file-content'
+            (Get-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath $cfg.FullName -Raw).Trim() | Should -Be 'file-content'
         } finally {
             Remove-BaknretArchiveStaging -Root $stage
         }
@@ -734,8 +734,8 @@ Describe '软件名录' {
         New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path (Join-Path $script:CatRoot 'real app') -Force | Out-Null
         New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path (Join-Path $script:CatRoot 'other') -Force | Out-Null
         New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path (Join-Path $script:CatRoot 'inc') -Force | Out-Null
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:CatRoot 'real app\keep.txt') 'k'
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:CatRoot 'file.txt') 'file-content'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:CatRoot 'real app\keep.txt') 'k'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:CatRoot 'file.txt') 'file-content'
 
         $script:CatReal = Join-Path $script:CatRoot 'real app'
         $script:CatOther = Join-Path $script:CatRoot 'other'
@@ -1090,12 +1090,12 @@ Describe '集成：真实 7z 压缩与排除规则' -Skip:(-not $script:HasSeven
         foreach ($directory in 'Default\Cache', 'Default\Code Cache', 'Default\Extensions', 'component_crx_cache', 'Default\IndexedDB') {
             New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path (Join-Path $script:IntegrationPath $directory) -Force | Out-Null
         }
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:IntegrationPath 'keep.txt') 'keep'
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:IntegrationPath 'Default\Cache\c.bin') 'c'
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:IntegrationPath 'Default\Code Cache\cc.bin') 'cc'
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:IntegrationPath 'Default\Extensions\e.bin') 'e'
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:IntegrationPath 'component_crx_cache\x.bin') 'x'
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:IntegrationPath 'Default\IndexedDB\i.bin') 'i'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:IntegrationPath 'keep.txt') 'keep'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:IntegrationPath 'Default\Cache\c.bin') 'c'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:IntegrationPath 'Default\Code Cache\cc.bin') 'cc'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:IntegrationPath 'Default\Extensions\e.bin') 'e'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:IntegrationPath 'component_crx_cache\x.bin') 'x'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:IntegrationPath 'Default\IndexedDB\i.bin') 'i'
     }
 
     It '排除规则与空格处理在真实归档上生效' {
@@ -1326,7 +1326,7 @@ Describe '集成：方向标记与孤儿审计' -Skip:(-not ($script:HasSevenZip
         $script:DirectionRoot = Join-Path $script:Sandbox 'direction'
         $script:DirectionSource = Join-Path $script:DirectionRoot 'src\Keep Me'
         New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $script:DirectionSource -Force | Out-Null
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:DirectionSource 'data.txt') 'keep'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $script:DirectionSource 'data.txt') 'keep'
 
         $script:DirectionBackupDir = Join-Path $script:DirectionRoot 'Backups'
         $script:DirectionList = Join-Path $script:DirectionRoot 'list.txt'
diff --git a/tests/Restore-Drill.ps1 b/tests/Restore-Drill.ps1
index 309112f..a22e6aa 100644
--- a/tests/Restore-Drill.ps1
+++ b/tests/Restore-Drill.ps1
@@ -444,7 +444,7 @@ foreach ($name in $Entries) {
 
     [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($scratchCatalog,
         "@{`n    '$catalogKey' = @{`n$($slotLines -join "`n")`n    }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
-    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($scratchList, "$catalogKey`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($scratchList, "$catalogKey`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
     [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($scratchConfig, @"
 @{
     BackupDir       = '$scratchBackupRoot'
@@ -461,7 +461,7 @@ foreach ($name in $Entries) {
 
     if ($restore.Code -ne 0) {
         if ($restore.Log) {
-            foreach ($line in @(Get-Content -LiteralPath $restore.Log.FullName -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Select-Object -Last 12)) {
+            foreach ($line in @(Get-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath $restore.Log.FullName -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Select-Object -Last 12)) {
                 Write-Host ("   | {0}" -f $line) -ForegroundColor DarkGray
             }
         }
diff --git a/tests/Run-E2E.ps1 b/tests/Run-E2E.ps1
index 7494923..b1204df 100644
--- a/tests/Run-E2E.ps1
+++ b/tests/Run-E2E.ps1
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ function New-E2EConfig {
     if ($SoftwareCatalog) { $lines += "    SoftwareCatalog = '$SoftwareCatalog'" }
     $lines += "    CatalogMaxDepth = $CatalogMaxDepth"
     $lines += '}'
-    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($Path, ($lines -join "`r`n"), [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($Path, ($lines -join "`r`n"), [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
 }
 
 function Get-NewestLog {
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ $blob = New-Object byte[] 8192
 (New-Object System.Random 42).NextBytes($blob)
 [System.IO.File]::WriteAllBytes((Join-Path $source 'blob.bin'), $blob)
 
-[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($listPath, "# e2e`n$source :- logs\,!*Cache`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($listPath, "# e2e`n$source :- logs\,!*Cache`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
 
 $expectedHashes = @{}
 foreach ($relative in 'keep.txt', 'sub\b.txt', 'blob.bin') {
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ $cfg2 = Join-Path $WorkRoot 'cfg2.psd1'
 New-E2EConfig -Path $cfg2 -LogDir $logDir2
 New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $lockSource -Force | Out-Null
 Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $lockSource 'a.txt') -Value 'aaa' -Encoding UTF8
-[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($lockList, "$lockSource`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($lockList, "$lockSource`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
 
 & $backupScript -BackupListPath $lockList -BackupDir $lockBackupDir -ConfigPath $cfg2 -Force -QuietTool
 $cleanExitCode = $LASTEXITCODE
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $incDir 'i.txt') -Value 'included' -Encoding
 "@, [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
 
 # 条目级排除用 Slot 前缀点名（AlphaData\plain）+ 任意层级（!*skip）；:+ 把 inc 放到归档内 Modules\
-[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($catList, "my-app :- AlphaData\plain,!*skip :+ Modules:$incDir`ncat-excl`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($catList, "my-app :- AlphaData\plain,!*skip :+ Modules:$incDir`ncat-excl`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
 New-E2EConfig -Path $catConfig -LogDir $catLogDir -SoftwareCatalog $catFile
 
 $catHashes = @{
@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ Test-Case '恢复不会把被排除的内容带回来' {
 Test-Case '@pathname 覆盖：用名录里的真实路径跑命名算法（独立备份目录，避免污染共享 manifest）' {
     $pathList = Join-Path $catRoot 'list-pathname.txt'
     $pathNameDir = Join-Path $catRoot 'Backups-pathname'
-    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($pathList, "my-app @pathname :+ Modules:$settingsFile`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($pathList, "my-app @pathname :+ Modules:$settingsFile`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
     # settings.json 刚才被删了，重建一份，让 Include 的宿主机路径存在
     Set-Content -LiteralPath $settingsFile -Value '{"slot":"file"}' -Encoding UTF8
     $expectedBase = Get-BackupBaseName -RawPath $dirA
@@ -455,8 +455,8 @@ $ovrConfig = Join-Path $ovrRoot 'config.psd1'
 $ovrExtract = Join-Path $ovrRoot 'verify'
 New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $ovrTarget -Force | Out-Null
 Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $ovrTarget 't.txt') -Value 'override-target' -Encoding UTF8
-[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($ovrCatalog, "@{`n    'ovr-app' = @{ DefaultData = @{ Path = '$ovrRoot\missing-src' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
-[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($ovrList, "ovr-app :: $ovrTarget`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($ovrCatalog, "@{`n    'ovr-app' = @{ DefaultData = @{ Path = '$ovrRoot\missing-src' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
+[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($ovrList, "ovr-app :: $ovrTarget`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
 New-E2EConfig -Path $ovrConfig -LogDir (Join-Path $ovrRoot 'logs') -SoftwareCatalog $ovrCatalog
 
 & $backupScript -BackupListPath $ovrList -BackupDir $ovrBackupDir -ConfigPath $ovrConfig -Force -QuietTool
@@ -471,7 +471,7 @@ Test-Case ':: 覆盖：备份包内容来自被覆盖的路径，且归档项名
         $null = Invoke-ExternalCommand -FilePath $sevenZip -ArgumentList @('x', '-bso0', '-bsp0', '-y', "-o$ovrExtract", $ovrArchives[0].FullName)
     }
     Assert-FileExists (Join-Path $ovrExtract 'DefaultData\t.txt')
-    Assert-Equal 'override-target' (Get-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $ovrExtract 'DefaultData\t.txt') -Raw).Trim()
+    Assert-Equal 'override-target' (Get-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $ovrExtract 'DefaultData\t.txt') -Raw).Trim()
 }
 
 Test-Case ':: 覆盖：删掉被覆盖的源后仍能恢复回该路径' {
@@ -479,7 +479,7 @@ Test-Case ':: 覆盖：删掉被覆盖的源后仍能恢复回该路径' {
     & $restoreScript -BackupListPath $ovrList -BackupDir $ovrBackupDir -ConfigPath $ovrConfig -Force
     Assert-Equal 0 $LASTEXITCODE
     Assert-FileExists (Join-Path $ovrTarget 't.txt')
-    Assert-Equal 'override-target' (Get-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $ovrTarget 't.txt') -Raw).Trim()
+    Assert-Equal 'override-target' (Get-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $ovrTarget 't.txt') -Raw).Trim()
 }
 
 # ============================================================================
@@ -499,10 +499,10 @@ New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $appA -Force | Out-Null
 New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $appB -Force | Out-Null
 Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $appA 'a.txt') -Value 'dir-a' -Encoding UTF8
 Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $appB 'b.txt') -Value 'dir-b' -Encoding UTF8
-[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($dirCatalog, "@{`n    'app-a' = @{ DefaultData = @{ Path = '$appA' } }`n    'app-b' = @{ DefaultData = @{ Path = '$appB' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($dirCatalog, "@{`n    'app-a' = @{ DefaultData = @{ Path = '$appA' } }`n    'app-b' = @{ DefaultData = @{ Path = '$appB' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
 New-E2EConfig -Path $dirConfig -LogDir $dirLogDir -SoftwareCatalog $dirCatalog
-[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($dirList1, "+ app-a`napp-b`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
-[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($dirList2, "+ app-a`n- app-b`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($dirList1, "+ app-a`napp-b`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
+[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($dirList2, "+ app-a`n- app-b`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
 
 & $backupScript -BackupListPath $dirList1 -BackupDir $dirBackupDir -ConfigPath $dirConfig -Force -QuietTool
 Test-Case '行首 + = 仅备份：仍然会被打包' {
@@ -539,7 +539,7 @@ Test-Case '恢复端跳过行首 + 的条目、照常恢复 - 的条目' {
     Assert-Equal 0 $LASTEXITCODE
     Assert-FileMissing $appA '行首 + 的条目不该被恢复'
     Assert-FileExists (Join-Path $appB 'b.txt')
-    Assert-Equal 'dir-b' (Get-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $appB 'b.txt') -Raw).Trim()
+    Assert-Equal 'dir-b' (Get-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $appB 'b.txt') -Raw).Trim()
 
     $restoreLog = Get-NewestLog -LogDir $dirLogDir -Prefix 'restore'
     $restoreContent = Get-Content -LiteralPath $restoreLog.FullName -Raw -Encoding UTF8
@@ -572,8 +572,8 @@ if ($sevenZip) {
         -WorkingDirectory $legacyScratch
 }
 
-[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($legacyCatalog, "@{`n    'legacy-file' = @{ LegacyData = @{ Path = '$legacyLive' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
-[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($legacyList, "legacy-file`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($legacyCatalog, "@{`n    'legacy-file' = @{ LegacyData = @{ Path = '$legacyLive' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
+[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($legacyList, "legacy-file`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
 New-E2EConfig -Path $legacyConfig -LogDir $legacyLogDir -SoftwareCatalog $legacyCatalog
 
 $legacyManifest = Read-BaknretManifest -Path (Join-Path $legacyBackupDir 'manifest.json')
@@ -595,7 +595,7 @@ if ($sevenZip) {
 
     Test-Case '旧布局归档：按 <末级名> 回退，把文件还原回原位' {
         Assert-Equal 0 $legacyExitCode
-        Assert-Equal '{"version":"old-layout"}' (Get-Content -LiteralPath $legacyLive -Raw).Trim()
+        Assert-Equal '{"version":"old-layout"}' (Get-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath $legacyLive -Raw).Trim()
         $legacyLog = Get-NewestLog -LogDir $legacyLogDir -Prefix 'restore'
         $legacyContent = Get-Content -LiteralPath $legacyLog.FullName -Raw -Encoding UTF8
         Assert-True ($legacyContent -like '*按旧布局回退*') '回退时必须给出明确告警'
@@ -633,7 +633,7 @@ Test-Case 'Backup -DryRun：退出码 0、不写归档也不写 manifest' {
 
 Test-Case '归档名重复时直接报失败，不静默互相覆盖' {
     $dupList = Join-Path $catRoot 'dup.txt'
-    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($dupList, "my-app`nmy-app`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($dupList, "my-app`nmy-app`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
     & $backupScript -BackupListPath $dupList -BackupDir $catBackupDir -ConfigPath $catConfig -Force -QuietTool
     Assert-Equal 1 $LASTEXITCODE '重复条目应让退出码为 1'
 }
@@ -641,14 +641,14 @@ Test-Case '归档名重复时直接报失败，不静默互相覆盖' {
 Test-Case '字面路径不受名录影响，仍走路径命名' {
     $literalList = Join-Path $catRoot 'list-literal.txt'
     $literalDir = Join-Path $catRoot 'Backups-literal'
-    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($literalList, "$dirA2`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($literalList, "$dirA2`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
     & $backupScript -BackupListPath $literalList -BackupDir $literalDir -ConfigPath $catConfig -Force -QuietTool
     Assert-Equal 0 $LASTEXITCODE
     Assert-FileExists (Join-Path $literalDir ((Get-BackupBaseName -RawPath $dirA2) + '.7z'))
 }
 
 $missingList = Join-Path $WorkRoot 'missing.txt'
-[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($missingList, "Z:\definitely-not-here-12345`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($missingList, "Z:\definitely-not-here-12345`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
 & $backupScript -BackupListPath $missingList -BackupDir $backupDir -ConfigPath $cfg1 -Force -QuietTool
 $missingExitCode = $LASTEXITCODE
 
diff --git a/tests/Run-Tests.ps1 b/tests/Run-Tests.ps1
index adfc35e..224508e 100644
--- a/tests/Run-Tests.ps1
+++ b/tests/Run-Tests.ps1
@@ -385,8 +385,8 @@ Test-Case '归档项的属性集与契约一致（没有旧的 Sources / Dirs /
 Test-Case 'New-BaknretArchiveStaging：目录走 junction、文件走硬链接，按归档内名字挂载' {
     $root = Join-Path $itemSandbox 'stage-src'
     New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path (Join-Path $root 'App') -Force | Out-Null
-    Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $root 'App\f.txt') -Value 'x'
-    Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $root 'settings.json') -Value '{}'
+    Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $root 'App\f.txt') -Value 'x'
+    Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $root 'settings.json') -Value '{}'
 
     $items = @(
         (New-BaknretArchiveItem -ArchivePath 'AlphaData' -RealPath (Join-Path $root 'App') -Exists $true),
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ Test-Case 'New-BaknretJunction / Remove-BaknretJunction：只删连接点，不
     $target = Join-Path $itemSandbox 'j-target'
     $link = Join-Path $itemSandbox 'j-link'
     New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $target -Force | Out-Null
-    Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $target 'keep.txt') -Value 'keep'
+    Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $target 'keep.txt') -Value 'keep'
 
     New-BaknretJunction -Path $link -Target $target | Out-Null
     Assert-Equal 'Junction' (Get-Item -LiteralPath $link -Force).LinkType
@@ -630,7 +630,7 @@ Test-Case '配置缺失时返回默认值' {
 
 Test-Case '配置嵌套段落合并且不丢默认键' {
     $path = Join-Path $sandbox 'cfg.psd1'
-    Set-Content -LiteralPath $path -Value "@{ Encryption = @{ Enabled = `$true }; CompressionLevel = 5 }"
+    Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath $path -Value "@{ Encryption = @{ Enabled = `$true }; CompressionLevel = 5 }"
     $config = Get-BaknretConfig -Path $path
     Assert-Equal 5 $config.CompressionLevel
     Assert-True $config.Encryption.Enabled
@@ -663,7 +663,7 @@ $configDir = Join-Path $catalogSandbox 'Config'
 Test-Case '名录解析：裸键、引号键、带 - 与 . 的名字' {
     $catPath = Join-Path $catalogSandbox 'SoftwareCatalog.psd1'
     $content = "@{`n    FooClolor = @{ DefaultData = @{ Path = '$appDir' } }`n    'scoop-config' = @{ DefaultConfig = @{ Path = '$configDir' } }`n    '.ssh' = @{ DefaultData = @{ Path = '$appDir' } }`n}`n"
-    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($catPath, $content, [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($catPath, $content, [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
 
     $catalog = Get-SoftwareCatalog -Path $catPath -NoCache
     Assert-Equal 3 $catalog.Count
@@ -675,7 +675,7 @@ Test-Case '名录解析：裸键、引号键、带 - 与 . 的名字' {
 
 Test-Case '名录：Slot 按名字排序（哈希表顺序不可依赖）' {
     $catPath = Join-Path $catalogSandbox 'sorted.psd1'
-    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($catPath, "@{`n    FooClolor = @{ Zeta = @{ Path = '$appDir' }; Alpha = @{ Path = '$configDir' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($catPath, "@{`n    FooClolor = @{ Zeta = @{ Path = '$appDir' }; Alpha = @{ Path = '$configDir' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
 
     $catalog = Get-SoftwareCatalog -Path $catPath -NoCache
     Assert-Equal 'Multi' $catalog['FooClolor'].Kind
@@ -687,8 +687,8 @@ Test-Case '名录：Slot 按名字排序（哈希表顺序不可依赖）' {
 Test-Case '名录：Slot 对象字段与契约一致' {
     $catPath = Join-Path $catalogSandbox 'fields.psd1'
     $filePath = Join-Path $catalogSandbox 'App\settings.json'
-    Set-Content -LiteralPath $filePath -Value '{}'
-    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($catPath, "@{`n    Rich = @{`n        Beta = @{ Path = '$filePath'; Encrypt = `$true; Description = 'beta 说明' }`n        Alpha = @{ Path = '$configDir'; Exclude = '!*Cache,sub\one'; Include = 'Modules:$appDir' }`n    }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+    Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath $filePath -Value '{}'
+    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($catPath, "@{`n    Rich = @{`n        Beta = @{ Path = '$filePath'; Encrypt = `$true; Description = 'beta 说明' }`n        Alpha = @{ Path = '$configDir'; Exclude = '!*Cache,sub\one'; Include = 'Modules:$appDir' }`n    }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
 
     $catalog = Get-SoftwareCatalog -Path $catPath -NoCache
     $entry = $catalog['Rich']
@@ -721,7 +721,7 @@ Test-Case '名录解析：目录带版本后缀时按前缀补全（legendary_2.
     $root = Join-Path $catalogSandbox 'probe'
     New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path (Join-Path $root 'legendary_2.0.4') -Force | Out-Null
     $catPath = Join-Path $catalogSandbox 'suffix.psd1'
-    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($catPath, "@{`n    legendary = @{ DefaultConfig = @{ Path = '$root\legendary' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($catPath, "@{`n    legendary = @{ DefaultConfig = @{ Path = '$root\legendary' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
 
     $catalog = Get-SoftwareCatalog -Path $catPath -NoCache
     Assert-Equal 'Single' $catalog['legendary'].Kind
@@ -733,7 +733,7 @@ Test-Case '名录解析：不会把 Legendary 误配成 LegendarySomething' {
     $root = Join-Path $catalogSandbox 'strict'
     New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path (Join-Path $root 'LegendarySomething') -Force | Out-Null
     $catPath = Join-Path $catalogSandbox 'strict.psd1'
-    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($catPath, "@{`n    Legendary = @{ DefaultConfig = @{ Path = '$root\Legendary' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($catPath, "@{`n    Legendary = @{ DefaultConfig = @{ Path = '$root\Legendary' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
 
     $catalog = Get-SoftwareCatalog -Path $catPath -NoCache
     Assert-Equal 'Unresolved' $catalog['Legendary'].Kind '必须以下一个字符是 _ 或 - 为界'
@@ -759,7 +759,7 @@ Test-Case '名录：一个 Slot 补全出多个目录时明确报错（否则会
     New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path (Join-Path $root 'Legendary_1') -Force | Out-Null
     New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path (Join-Path $root 'Legendary_2') -Force | Out-Null
     $catPath = Join-Path $catalogSandbox 'multicand.psd1'
-    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($catPath, "@{`n    Legendary = @{ DefaultConfig = @{ Path = '$root\Legendary' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($catPath, "@{`n    Legendary = @{ DefaultConfig = @{ Path = '$root\Legendary' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
 
     $catalog = Get-SoftwareCatalog -Path $catPath -NoCache
     $entry = $catalog['Legendary']
@@ -769,7 +769,7 @@ Test-Case '名录：一个 Slot 补全出多个目录时明确报错（否则会
 
 Test-Case '名录：Slot 写法不对 / 缺少 Path 都记成 Error，而不是崩掉' {
     $bad = Join-Path $catalogSandbox 'bad.psd1'
-    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($bad, "@{`n    A = @{ S = 'C:\x' }`n    B = @{ S = @{ Description = 'x' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($bad, "@{`n    A = @{ S = 'C:\x' }`n    B = @{ S = @{ Description = 'x' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
     $catalog = Get-SoftwareCatalog -Path $bad -NoCache
     Assert-Equal 'Invalid' $catalog['A'].Kind
     Assert-True ($catalog['A'].Error -like '*Slot S*')
@@ -779,12 +779,12 @@ Test-Case '名录：Slot 写法不对 / 缺少 Path 都记成 Error，而不是
 
 Test-Case '名录：裸字符串 / 数组等旧结构会被 ERROR 跳过（不再当目录用）' {
     $legacy = Join-Path $catalogSandbox 'legacy.psd1'
-    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($legacy, "@{`n    A = 'C:\Programs\A'`n    B = @('C:\1','C:\2')`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($legacy, "@{`n    A = 'C:\Programs\A'`n    B = @('C:\1','C:\2')`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
     $catalog = Get-SoftwareCatalog -Path $legacy -NoCache
     Assert-Equal 0 $catalog.Count '旧结构必须被跳过，不能猜成目录'
 
     $dirs = Join-Path $catalogSandbox 'dirs.psd1'
-    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($dirs, "@{`n    C = @{ Dirs = @('C:\1','C:\2') }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($dirs, "@{`n    C = @{ Dirs = @('C:\1','C:\2') }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
     $catalog = Get-SoftwareCatalog -Path $dirs -NoCache
     Assert-Equal 1 $catalog.Count
     Assert-Equal 'Invalid' $catalog['C'].Kind
@@ -800,8 +800,8 @@ Test-Case '名录：%VAR% 与 $( ... ) 子表达式都会被展开' {
 Test-Case '名录：Includes 分文件维护会被合并' {
     $extraPath = Join-Path $catalogSandbox 'Extra.psd1'
     $basePath = Join-Path $catalogSandbox 'Base.psd1'
-    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($extraPath, "@{`n    'extra-app' = @{ D = @{ Path = '$appDir' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
-    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($basePath, "@{`n    Includes = @('Extra.psd1')`n    'base-app' = @{ D = @{ Path = '$configDir' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($extraPath, "@{`n    'extra-app' = @{ D = @{ Path = '$appDir' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
+    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($basePath, "@{`n    Includes = @('Extra.psd1')`n    'base-app' = @{ D = @{ Path = '$configDir' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
 
     $catalog = Get-SoftwareCatalog -Path $basePath -NoCache
     Assert-True $catalog.ContainsKey('base-app')
@@ -810,7 +810,7 @@ Test-Case '名录：Includes 分文件维护会被合并' {
 
 Test-Case '名录：结果按文件指纹缓存，-NoCache 强制重读' {
     $catPath = Join-Path $catalogSandbox 'cache.psd1'
-    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($catPath, "@{`n    Cached = @{ D = @{ Path = '$appDir' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($catPath, "@{`n    Cached = @{ D = @{ Path = '$appDir' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
 
     $first = Get-SoftwareCatalog -Path $catPath
     $second = Get-SoftwareCatalog -Path $catPath
@@ -819,7 +819,7 @@ Test-Case '名录：结果按文件指纹缓存，-NoCache 强制重读' {
     $fresh = Get-SoftwareCatalog -Path $catPath -NoCache
     Assert-False ([object]::ReferenceEquals($first, $fresh)) '-NoCache 必须重新读'
 
-    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($catPath, "@{`n    Cached = @{ D = @{ Path = '$configDir' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($catPath, "@{`n    Cached = @{ D = @{ Path = '$configDir' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
     $changed = Get-SoftwareCatalog -Path $catPath
     Assert-Equal $configDir $changed['Cached'].Slots[0].Resolved '文件变了缓存必须失效'
 }
@@ -918,7 +918,7 @@ Test-Case '名录里没有该名字：BaseName 退回可读目录名，并给出
 
 Test-Case '名录里的路径不存在时仍给出归档项（恢复要靠它还原回原位）' {
     $catPath = Join-Path $resolveSandbox 'gone.psd1'
-    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($catPath, "@{`n    'gone-app' = @{ DefaultData = @{ Path = 'C:\definitely\not\here' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($catPath, "@{`n    'gone-app' = @{ DefaultData = @{ Path = 'C:\definitely\not\here' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
     $item = ConvertFrom-BackupListLine -Line 'gone-app'
     $resolved = Resolve-BackupEntry -Entry $item -CatalogPath $catPath
     Assert-Equal 1 $resolved.Items.Count '恢复端据 Items 还原'
@@ -943,7 +943,7 @@ Test-Case '条目级 :+ 覆盖名录里的 Include（不是叠加）' {
     $incDir = Join-Path $resolveSandbox 'Inc'
     New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $incDir -Force | Out-Null
     $catPath = Join-Path $resolveSandbox 'withinc.psd1'
-    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($catPath, "@{`n    IncApp = @{ DefaultData = @{ Path = '$dirA'; Include = 'CatalogInc:$incDir' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($catPath, "@{`n    IncApp = @{ DefaultData = @{ Path = '$dirA'; Include = 'CatalogInc:$incDir' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
 
     $plain = Resolve-BackupEntry -Entry (ConvertFrom-BackupListLine -Line 'IncApp') -CatalogPath $catPath
     Assert-Equal 2 $plain.Items.Count
@@ -988,7 +988,7 @@ Test-Case '方向标记随条目一路传到 Resolve-BackupEntry' {
 
 Test-Case '条目级 :- 覆盖名录里的 Exclude（不是叠加）' {
     $catPath = Join-Path $resolveSandbox 'withexc.psd1'
-    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($catPath, "@{`n    ExcApp = @{ DefaultData = @{ Path = '$dirA'; Exclude = '!*CatalogCache' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+    [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($catPath, "@{`n    ExcApp = @{ DefaultData = @{ Path = '$dirA'; Exclude = '!*CatalogCache' } }`n}`n", [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
 
     $plain = Resolve-BackupEntry -Entry (ConvertFrom-BackupListLine -Line 'ExcApp') -CatalogPath $catPath
     Assert-False $plain.HasExcludeOverride
@@ -1018,12 +1018,12 @@ if (-not $sevenZip) {
         foreach ($d in 'Default\Cache', 'Default\Code Cache', 'Default\Extensions', 'component_crx_cache', 'Default\IndexedDB') {
             New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path (Join-Path $source $d) -Force | Out-Null
         }
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $source 'keep.txt') 'keep'
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $source 'Default\Cache\c.bin') 'c'
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $source 'Default\Code Cache\cc.bin') 'cc'
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $source 'Default\Extensions\e.bin') 'e'
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $source 'component_crx_cache\x.bin') 'x'
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $source 'Default\IndexedDB\i.bin') 'i'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $source 'keep.txt') 'keep'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $source 'Default\Cache\c.bin') 'c'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $source 'Default\Code Cache\cc.bin') 'cc'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $source 'Default\Extensions\e.bin') 'e'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $source 'component_crx_cache\x.bin') 'x'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $source 'Default\IndexedDB\i.bin') 'i'
 
         $patterns = @('!*Cache', 'component_crx_cache', 'Default\Code Cache', 'Default\Extensions', 'Default\IndexedDB')
         $archiveItem = New-BaknretArchiveItem -ArchivePath $itemName -RealPath $source -Kind 'path' -Exists $true
@@ -1054,7 +1054,7 @@ if (-not $sevenZip) {
         $source = Join-Path $root $itemName
         foreach ($d in 'Cache1', 'Cache2', 'Keep', 'sub\Cache3') {
             New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path (Join-Path $source $d) -Force | Out-Null
-            Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $source "$d\x.bin") 'x'
+            Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $source "$d\x.bin") 'x'
         }
 
         $archiveItem = New-BaknretArchiveItem -ArchivePath $itemName -RealPath $source -Kind 'slot' -Exists $true
@@ -1096,8 +1096,8 @@ if (-not $sevenZip) {
         $root = Join-Path $sandbox 'topnames'
         New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path (Join-Path $root 'Alpha') -Force | Out-Null
         New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path (Join-Path $root 'Beta') -Force | Out-Null
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $root 'Alpha\a.txt') 'a'
-        Set-Content -LiteralPath (Join-Path $root 'Beta\b.txt') 'b'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $root 'Alpha\a.txt') 'a'
+        Set-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath (Join-Path $root 'Beta\b.txt') 'b'
         $archive = Join-Path $sandbox 'topnames.7z'
         $code = Invoke-ExternalCommand -FilePath $sevenZip -ArgumentList @('a', '-t7z', '-mx=1', '-bso0', '-bsp0', $archive, 'Alpha', 'Beta') -WorkingDirectory $root
         Assert-Equal 0 $code
diff --git a/tools/Rename-Archives.ps1 b/tools/Rename-Archives.ps1
index 397deba..0698435 100644
--- a/tools/Rename-Archives.ps1
+++ b/tools/Rename-Archives.ps1
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ $conflicts = @()
 $seenNew = @{}
 $entries = @()
 
-foreach ($line in (Get-Content -LiteralPath $BackupListPath)) {
+foreach ($line in (Get-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath $BackupListPath)) {
     $item = ConvertFrom-BackupListLine -Line $line
     if (-not $item) { continue }
 
diff --git a/tools/lab/Lab.ps1 b/tools/lab/Lab.ps1
index 9fd6e7c..42aa621 100644
--- a/tools/lab/Lab.ps1
+++ b/tools/lab/Lab.ps1
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ switch ($Verb) {
         while ($sw.Elapsed.TotalMinutes -lt 30) {
             if (Test-LabGuestReady) {
                 Write-LabLog ("VM 已就绪（等待 {0} 分钟）" -f [math]::Round($sw.Elapsed.TotalMinutes, 1)) 'STEP'
-                $facts = Invoke-LabCommand -ScriptBlock { Get-Content 'C:\BakNRet-Lab\state\provisioned.json' -Raw }
+                $facts = Invoke-LabCommand -ScriptBlock { Get-Content -Encoding UTF8 'C:\BakNRet-Lab\state\provisioned.json' -Raw }
                 Write-Host $facts
                 break
             }
diff --git a/tools/lab/New-BakNRetLab.ps1 b/tools/lab/New-BakNRetLab.ps1
index 2ebad2c..2071519 100644
--- a/tools/lab/New-BakNRetLab.ps1
+++ b/tools/lab/New-BakNRetLab.ps1
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ function Wait-LabProvision {
     while ($sw.Elapsed.TotalMinutes -lt 30) {
         if (Test-LabGuestReady) {
             Write-LabLog "供给完成，耗时 $([math]::Round($sw.Elapsed.TotalMinutes,1)) 分钟" 'STEP'
-            $facts = Invoke-LabCommand -ScriptBlock { Get-Content 'C:\BakNRet-Lab\state\provisioned.json' -Raw }
+            $facts = Invoke-LabCommand -ScriptBlock { Get-Content -Encoding UTF8 'C:\BakNRet-Lab\state\provisioned.json' -Raw }
             Write-Host $facts
             return
         }
diff --git a/tools/lab/payload/run-acl-scenario.ps1 b/tools/lab/payload/run-acl-scenario.ps1
index 57241bf..2f7416a 100644
--- a/tools/lab/payload/run-acl-scenario.ps1
+++ b/tools/lab/payload/run-acl-scenario.ps1
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ $listPath = Join-Path $WorkRoot 'BackupList.txt'
 $entries = @()
 if ($vscodeReady) { $entries += $vscodeApp; $entries += $vscodePersist }
 $entries += $bData
-[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($listPath, (($entries -join [Environment]::NewLine) + [Environment]::NewLine), [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($listPath, (($entries -join [Environment]::NewLine) + [Environment]::NewLine), [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
 
 $configPath = Join-Path $WorkRoot 'BackupConfig.psd1'
 $configText = @"
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ $configText = @"
     DefaultExcludes  = @('!Thumbs.db', '!desktop.ini')
 }
 "@
-[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($configPath, $configText, [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($false))
+[System.IO.File]::WriteAllText($configPath, $configText, [System.Text.UTF8Encoding]::new($true))
 
 Write-Host ''
 Write-Host '[备份] Backup.ps1' -ForegroundColor Yellow
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ if ($vscodeReady) {
 
     $settingsOk = $false
     if ($settingsPath -and (Test-Path -LiteralPath $settingsPath)) {
-        $settingsOk = (Get-Content -LiteralPath $settingsPath -Raw) -match [regex]::Escape($probe)
+        $settingsOk = (Get-Content -Encoding UTF8 -LiteralPath $settingsPath -Raw) -match [regex]::Escape($probe)
     }
     Test-Scenario 'A: 改过的 settings.json 被原样恢复（读得到、内容对）' $settingsOk $settingsPath