<# .SYNOPSIS BakNRet 隔离测试环境(Hyper-V 真机级 VM)的日常入口。 .DESCRIPTION 与 New-BakNRetLab.ps1 的分工:那个负责**搭**,这个负责**用**。 动词: status 看 VM 状态、检查点、供给事实、沙盒归档与最近日志 start/stop 启停 VM wait 等 VM 内供给完成(首次搭建后) sync 把当前仓库快照推进 VM(排除 Backups\ logs\ .git\ .tools\),并装好 Pester seed 在 VM 里生成「带刺」的沙盒假数据(真 NTFS 连接点、被占用文件、长路径、中文路径…) backup 在 VM 里用沙盒清单/配置真跑 Backup.ps1(可选 -DryRun) restore 用真实归档做恢复演练(Restore-Drill.ps1),逐字节对拍 acl-test 安全描述符演练:scoop 装的 vscode 备份/恢复后仍可读写;ProgramData 那种 「属主 + CREATOR OWNER」的目录恢复后属主必须仍是原账户(另有负对照) test 在 VM 里跑仓库自带的测试套件(pester / zero / e2e / all) shell 打开到 VM 的交互式 PowerShell Direct 会话 console 打印 VM 内的供给日志与最新备份日志 checkpoint 打检查点(默认带时间戳;-CheckpointName 可指定) reset 回到 clean-baseline 检查点(秒回干净状态) destroy 删除 VM 与系统盘(需要 -Confirm) 一切都在 VM 内进行:宿主机的仓库、Backups\、logs\ 不会被这套流程写入。 .EXAMPLE gsudo pwsh -NoProfile -File .\tools\lab\Lab.ps1 status .EXAMPLE gsudo pwsh -NoProfile -File .\tools\lab\Lab.ps1 sync gsudo pwsh -NoProfile -File .\tools\lab\Lab.ps1 seed -Force gsudo pwsh -NoProfile -File .\tools\lab\Lab.ps1 backup gsudo pwsh -NoProfile -File .\tools\lab\Lab.ps1 restore .EXAMPLE gsudo pwsh -NoProfile -File .\tools\lab\Lab.ps1 test -Suite all #> [CmdletBinding()] param( [Parameter(Mandatory, Position = 0)] [ValidateSet('status','start','stop','wait','sync','seed','backup','restore','acl-test','test','shell','console','checkpoint','reset','destroy')] [string]$Verb, [ValidateSet('all','pester','zero','e2e')][string]$Suite = 'all', # 恢复演练要处理的条目(写法同 BackupList.txt 的一行) [string[]]$Entries, [switch]$DryRun, [switch]$Force, [switch]$AcceptWarnings, [switch]$KeepWork, # acl-test 专用:跳过"装 scoop + scoop install vscode"(省掉几百 MB 下载, # 只验证 ProgramData 那段的属主 / CREATOR OWNER) [switch]$SkipScoop, [string]$CheckpointName, [switch]$Confirm ) $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop' . (Join-Path $PSScriptRoot 'Lab-Common.ps1') $cfg = Get-LabConfig $guestSandbox = "$($cfg.GuestRepoPath)\tools\lab\payload\sandbox" $guestList = "$guestSandbox\BackupList.txt" $guestConfig = "$guestSandbox\BackupConfig.psd1" $guestFixture = "$($cfg.GuestRepoPath)\tools\lab\payload\lab-fixtures.ps1" $guestBackupDir = 'C:\BakNRet-Lab\Backups' Assert-LabElevated -Why "Hyper-V 操作与 PowerShell Direct 都需要管理员(动词:$Verb)" # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 内部工具 # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- function Get-VmSummary { $vm = Get-LabVm if (-not $vm) { return $null } $mem = Get-VMMemory -VMName $cfg.VmName return [pscustomobject]@{ Name = $vm.Name State = $vm.State Uptime = [int]$vm.Uptime.TotalSeconds Cpu = $vm.ProcessorCount MemoryGB = [math]::Round($mem.Startup / 1GB, 1) Gen = $vm.Generation UptimeText = "$([int]$vm.Uptime.TotalMinutes) 分钟" } } function Invoke-GuestScriptFile { <# .SYNOPSIS 在 VM 里用 pwsh 跑脚本文件,回传退出码与日志尾部。 #> param( [Parameter(Mandatory)][string]$ScriptPath, # 不设 Mandatory:不需要参数的套件会传空数组,Mandatory 会拒绝空数组绑定 [string[]]$ScriptArgs = @(), [Parameter(Mandatory)][string]$Tag, [int]$TailLines = 30 ) $stamp = Get-Date -Format 'yyyyMMdd-HHmmss' $logPath = "C:\BakNRet-Lab\logs\$Tag-$stamp.log" # 参数用 JSON 传:数组直接经 Invoke-Command -ArgumentList 过去会退化成嵌套数组, # 到 VM 里 Start-Process -ArgumentList 就会报「无法转换为 System.String」。 $argsJson = if (@($ScriptArgs).Count -eq 0) { '[]' } else { ConvertTo-Json -InputObject @($ScriptArgs) -Compress } if (@($ScriptArgs).Count -eq 1 -and -not $argsJson.StartsWith('[') -and -not $argsJson.StartsWith('{')) { $argsJson = "[$argsJson]" } return Invoke-LabCommand -ScriptBlock { param($script, $argsJson, $logPath, $tailLines) # ConvertFrom-Json 把 JSON 数组当成「一个对象」写出,直接 @(...) 会套成嵌套数组, # 传到 Start-Process -ArgumentList 就报「无法转换为 System.String」。显式枚举摊平。 $scriptArgs = @() if ($argsJson) { $parsed = ConvertFrom-Json -InputObject $argsJson $scriptArgs = @($parsed | ForEach-Object { [string]$_ }) } # 子进程被重定向的 stdout 是**控制台代码页**(中文 Windows 上是 GBK/936), # 用 -Encoding UTF8 读会整片乱码;而且 PS7 的 Get-Content -Encoding 不接受 # Encoding 对象。这里按「替换字符更少」的胜出者解码。 function Read-TextTail([string]$path, [int]$lines) { if (-not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $path)) { return @() } $bytes = [IO.File]::ReadAllBytes($path) $asUtf8 = [Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetString($bytes) $asAnsi = [Text.Encoding]::GetEncoding([Globalization.CultureInfo]::CurrentCulture.TextInfo.ANSICodePage).GetString($bytes) $badUtf8 = 0; foreach ($ch in $asUtf8.ToCharArray()) { if ($ch -eq [char]0xFFFD) { $badUtf8++ } } $badAnsi = 0; foreach ($ch in $asAnsi.ToCharArray()) { if ($ch -eq [char]0xFFFD) { $badAnsi++ } } $text = if ($badUtf8 -le $badAnsi) { $asUtf8 } else { $asAnsi } return @($text -split "`r?`n" | Where-Object { $_ -ne '' } | Select-Object -Last $lines) } $all = @('-NoProfile','-ExecutionPolicy','Bypass','-File',$script) + $scriptArgs $out = $logPath $err = "$logPath.err" $p = Start-Process -FilePath 'pwsh.exe' -ArgumentList $all -NoNewWindow -Wait -PassThru -RedirectStandardOutput $out -RedirectStandardError $err [pscustomobject]@{ ExitCode = $p.ExitCode LogPath = $out Tail = @(Read-TextTail $out $tailLines) ErrTail = @(Read-TextTail $err 10) } } -ArgumentList $ScriptPath, $argsJson, $logPath, $TailLines } function Invoke-LabSync { $zip = Get-LabPath 'stage\repo.zip' $sevenZip = Get-HostSevenZip Write-LabLog "打包仓库快照:$($cfg.RepoRoot)(排除 Backups\ logs\ .git\ .tools\)" 'STEP' Push-Location $cfg.RepoRoot try { & $sevenZip a -tzip $zip '.\*' '-xr!Backups' '-xr!logs' '-xr!.git' '-xr!.tools' '-xr!*.tmp.7z' '-xr!*.tmp.zip' -y | Out-Null } finally { Pop-Location } Write-LabLog ("快照大小 {0} MB" -f [math]::Round((Get-Item -LiteralPath $zip).Length / 1MB, 2)) Write-LabLog '推送到 VM(Copy-VMFile,走 VMBus)' 'STEP' Copy-LabFileToGuest -SourcePath $zip -DestinationPath "$($cfg.GuestLabPath)\stage\repo.zip" Write-LabLog '在 VM 内解开到 C:\BakNRet 并装好 Pester' 'STEP' $info = Invoke-LabCommand -ScriptBlock { param($guestRepo, $guestLab) $sevenZip = 'C:\Program Files\7-Zip\7z.exe' if (-not (Test-Path -LiteralPath $sevenZip)) { $sevenZip = Join-Path $guestLab 'payload\7zip\7z.exe' } if (Test-Path -LiteralPath $guestRepo) { Remove-Item -LiteralPath $guestRepo -Recurse -Force } New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path $guestRepo | Out-Null $null = & $sevenZip x "$guestLab\stage\repo.zip" "-o$guestRepo" -y $pesterDst = Join-Path $guestRepo '.tools\modules\Pester\5.9.1' New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path $pesterDst | Out-Null robocopy "$guestLab\payload\Pester\5.9.1" $pesterDst /MIR /NFL /NDL /NJH /NJS /NP | Out-Null [pscustomobject]@{ SyncedAt = (Get-Date).ToString('s') Files = (Get-ChildItem -LiteralPath $guestRepo -Recurse -File -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Measure-Object).Count HasBackup = (Test-Path (Join-Path $guestRepo 'Backup.ps1')) HasPester = (Test-Path (Join-Path $pesterDst 'Pester.psd1')) } } -ArgumentList $cfg.GuestRepoPath, $cfg.GuestLabPath Write-LabLog ("同步完成:{0} 个文件,Backup.ps1={1},Pester={2}" -f $info.Files, $info.HasBackup, $info.HasPester) 'STEP' return $info } function Show-GuestOutput { param($Result, [switch]$Quiet) if (-not $Quiet) { foreach ($line in @($Result.Tail)) { Write-Host " $line" } foreach ($line in @($Result.ErrTail)) { if ($line) { Write-Host " ! $line" -ForegroundColor Yellow } } } $color = if ($Result.ExitCode -eq 0) { 'Green' } else { 'Red' } Write-Host (" 退出码 = {0}" -f $Result.ExitCode) -ForegroundColor $color } # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 动词 # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- switch ($Verb) { 'status' { $s = Get-VmSummary if (-not $s) { Write-Host 'VM 不存在。先跑 tools\lab\New-BakNRetLab.ps1 搭建。' -ForegroundColor Yellow break } Write-Host '' Write-Host ('== BakNRet 隔离测试环境 ==') -ForegroundColor Cyan Write-Host ("VM : {0} [{1}] 已运行 {2}" -f $s.Name, $s.State, $s.UptimeText) Write-Host ("规格 : Gen{0} / {1} vCPU / {2} GB / Default Switch" -f $s.Gen, $s.Cpu, $s.MemoryGB) Write-Host ("实验室目录: {0}" -f $cfg.LabRoot) Write-Host ("VHDX : {0} ({1} GB 实际占用)" -f $cfg.VhdxPath, [math]::Round((Get-Item -LiteralPath $cfg.VhdxPath).Length / 1GB, 2)) $snaps = @(Get-VMSnapshot -VMName $cfg.VmName -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) Write-Host ("检查点 : {0}" -f $(if ($snaps) { ($snaps | ForEach-Object { "$($_.Name) [$($_.CreationTime.ToString('MM-dd HH:mm'))]" }) -join ', ' } else { '(无)' })) if ($s.State -eq 'Running') { try { $g = Invoke-LabCommand -RetrySeconds 30 -ScriptBlock { $ok = Test-Path 'C:\BakNRet-Lab\state\provision.ok' $os = Get-CimInstance Win32_OperatingSystem $arch = @() if (Test-Path 'C:\BakNRet-Lab\Backups') { $arch = @(Get-ChildItem 'C:\BakNRet-Lab\Backups' -Filter *.7z -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | ForEach-Object { [pscustomobject]@{ Name = $_.BaseName; MB = [math]::Round($_.Length / 1MB, 2) } }) } $src = 'C:\BakNRet-Lab\sources' [pscustomobject]@{ Provisioned = $ok OsBuild = $os.BuildNumber OsCaption = $os.Caption GuestPS = $PSVersionTable.PSVersion.ToString() RepoFiles = $(if (Test-Path 'C:\BakNRet') { (Get-ChildItem 'C:\BakNRet' -Recurse -File -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Measure-Object).Count } else { 0 }) SourceMB = $(if (Test-Path $src) { [math]::Round(((Get-ChildItem $src -Recurse -File -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Measure-Object Length -Sum).Sum) / 1MB, 1) } else { 0 }) Archives = $arch LastLog = (Get-ChildItem 'C:\BakNRet-Lab\logs' -Filter 'backup-*.log' -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Sort-Object LastWriteTime | Select-Object -Last 1 -ExpandProperty Name) } } Write-Host ("VM 内 : 供给={0} {1} (build {2}) PS={3}" -f $g.Provisioned, $g.OsCaption, $g.OsBuild, $g.GuestPS) Write-Host ("仓库副本 : C:\BakNRet {0} 个文件" -f $g.RepoFiles) Write-Host ("沙盒源数据 : {0} MB" -f $g.SourceMB) if ($g.Archives.Count -gt 0) { Write-Host ("沙盒归档 : {0} 个({1} MB 合计)" -f $g.Archives.Count, [math]::Round((($g.Archives | Measure-Object MB -Sum).Sum), 1)) $g.Archives | Sort-Object MB -Descending | ForEach-Object { Write-Host (" {0,-52} {1,8} MB" -f $_.Name, $_.MB) } } else { Write-Host '沙盒归档 : (还没有,跑 Lab.ps1 backup)' } if ($g.LastLog) { Write-Host ("最近备份日志: {0}" -f $g.LastLog) } } catch { Write-Host ("VM 内查询失败(可能还没起来):{0}" -f $_.Exception.Message) -ForegroundColor Yellow } } Write-Host '' } 'start' { $vm = Get-LabVm if (-not $vm) { throw 'VM 不存在,先跑 New-BakNRetLab.ps1' } if ($vm.State -ne 'Running') { Start-VM -Name $cfg.VmName; $null = Wait-LabVMRunning -TimeoutSeconds 180 } Write-LabLog "VM 状态:$((Get-LabVm).State)" 'STEP' } 'stop' { $vm = Get-LabVm if ($vm -and $vm.State -eq 'Running') { Write-LabLog '正常关机(走集成服务)' 'STEP' Stop-VM -Name $cfg.VmName -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue Start-Sleep -Seconds 3 if ((Get-LabVm).State -ne 'Off') { Write-LabLog '未关机,强制断电' 'WARN'; Stop-VM -Name $cfg.VmName -TurnOff -Force } } Write-LabLog "VM 状态:$((Get-LabVm).State)" 'STEP' } 'wait' { $sw = [Diagnostics.Stopwatch]::StartNew() while ($sw.Elapsed.TotalMinutes -lt 30) { if (Test-LabGuestReady) { Write-LabLog ("VM 已就绪(等待 {0} 分钟)" -f [math]::Round($sw.Elapsed.TotalMinutes, 1)) 'STEP' $facts = Invoke-LabCommand -ScriptBlock { Get-Content -Encoding UTF8 'C:\BakNRet-Lab\state\provisioned.json' -Raw } Write-Host $facts break } Start-Sleep -Seconds 10 } if (-not (Test-LabGuestReady)) { throw '等待超时:VM 内供给仍未完成' } } 'sync' { $null = Invoke-LabSync } 'seed' { Write-LabLog '先把当前工作树同步进 VM' 'STEP'; $null = Invoke-LabSync $argList = @() if ($Force) { $argList += '-Force' } Write-LabLog '在 VM 内生成沙盒假数据' 'STEP' $r = Invoke-GuestScriptFile -ScriptPath $guestFixture -ScriptArgs $argList -Tag 'fixtures' -TailLines 20 Show-GuestOutput $r } 'backup' { Write-LabLog '先把当前工作树同步进 VM' 'STEP'; $null = Invoke-LabSync $argList = @('-BackupListPath', $guestList, '-ConfigPath', $guestConfig) if ($DryRun) { $argList += '-DryRun' } if ($Force) { $argList += '-Force' } if ($AcceptWarnings) { $argList += '-AcceptWarnings' } Write-LabLog "在 VM 内跑 Backup.ps1(DryRun=$DryRun,Force=$Force)" 'STEP' $r = Invoke-GuestScriptFile -ScriptPath "$($cfg.GuestRepoPath)\Backup.ps1" -ScriptArgs $argList -Tag 'backup' -TailLines 40 Show-GuestOutput $r } 'restore' { Write-LabLog '先把当前工作树同步进 VM' 'STEP'; $null = Invoke-LabSync if (-not $Entries -or $Entries.Count -eq 0) { $Entries = @( 'AppMultiSlot', 'AppFileSlot', '软件目录甲', 'JunctionToData', 'C:\BakNRet-Lab\sources\AppBig', 'C:\BakNRet-Lab\sources\AppDeep' ) } # 数组参数不能跨进程传(-File 只会绑第一个值),改用 ';' 分隔的纯文本, # 由 payload\run-drill.ps1 在 VM 内做真正的数组绑定 $entriesCsv = (@($Entries) | ForEach-Object { [string]$_ }) -join ';' $argList = @('-BackupDir', $guestBackupDir, '-ConfigPath', $guestConfig, '-EntriesCsv', $entriesCsv) if ($KeepWork) { $argList += '-KeepWorkRoot' } Write-LabLog ("恢复演练:{0} 个条目" -f @($Entries).Count) 'STEP' $r = Invoke-GuestScriptFile -ScriptPath "$($cfg.GuestRepoPath)\tools\lab\payload\run-drill.ps1" -ScriptArgs $argList -Tag 'drill' -TailLines 45 Show-GuestOutput $r } 'acl-test' { Write-LabLog '先把当前工作树同步进 VM' 'STEP'; $null = Invoke-LabSync $argList = @('-RepoPath', $cfg.GuestRepoPath, '-WorkRoot', 'C:\BakNRet-Lab\acl') if ($SkipScoop) { $argList += '-SkipScoop' } if ($KeepWork) { $argList += '-KeepWorkRoot' } Write-LabLog '安全描述符演练:scoop 装的 vscode + ProgramData 属主 / CREATOR OWNER' 'STEP' $r = Invoke-GuestScriptFile -ScriptPath "$($cfg.GuestRepoPath)\tools\lab\payload\run-acl-scenario.ps1" -ScriptArgs $argList -Tag 'acl' -TailLines 60 Show-GuestOutput $r # 其它动词都不回传 guest 退出码(只有 test 会扔异常),这个必须扔: # 否则演练失败时宿主侧仍然退出 0,等于没有门禁。 if ($r.ExitCode -ne 0) { throw ("ACL 演练失败(退出码 {0}),VM 内日志 {1}" -f $r.ExitCode, $r.LogPath) } } 'test' { $map = [ordered]@{ pester = @{ Path = 'tests\Run-Pester.ps1'; Args = @(); Name = 'Pester 套件' } zero = @{ Path = 'tests\Run-Tests.ps1'; Args = @(); Name = '零依赖套件' } e2e = @{ Path = 'tests\Run-E2E.ps1'; Args = @(); Name = '端到端验收' } } $pick = if ($Suite -eq 'all') { @($map.Keys) } else { @($Suite) } Write-LabLog '先把当前工作树同步进 VM' 'STEP' $null = Invoke-LabSync $results = @() foreach ($key in $pick) { $item = $map[$key] $argList = @($item.Args) if ($key -eq 'e2e' -and $KeepWork) { $argList += '-KeepWorkRoot' } Write-LabLog ("跑 {0}({1})" -f $item.Name, $item.Path) 'STEP' # 走 UTF-8 包装器:测试自己抓子进程输出时按 UTF-8 读回, # 而 VM 的控制台输出编码是 ANSI(936),直接跑会有 8 项中文断言失败(见 README「已知问题」) $wrapperPath = "$($cfg.GuestRepoPath)\tools\lab\payload\run-suite-utf8.ps1" $suiteArgs = @("$($cfg.GuestRepoPath)\$($item.Path)") + $argList $r = Invoke-GuestScriptFile -ScriptPath $wrapperPath -ScriptArgs $suiteArgs -Tag "test-$key" -TailLines 8 Show-GuestOutput $r -Quiet foreach ($line in @($r.Tail) | Where-Object { $_ -match '全部通过|通过 \d+ 项,失败|通过\s*\d+' }) { Write-Host " $line" } $results += [pscustomobject]@{ Suite = $item.Name; ExitCode = $r.ExitCode; Log = $r.LogPath } } Write-Host '' Write-Host '== 套件结果 ==' -ForegroundColor Cyan $results | ForEach-Object { $color = if ($_.ExitCode -eq 0) { 'Green' } else { 'Red' } Write-Host (" {0,-14} 退出码 {1} 日志 {2}" -f $_.Suite, $_.ExitCode, $_.Log) -ForegroundColor $color } $bad = @($results | Where-Object ExitCode -ne 0) if ($bad.Count -gt 0) { throw ("有 {0} 套件失败" -f $bad.Count) } } 'shell' { Write-LabLog '进入 VM(PowerShell Direct)。退出用 exit。' 'STEP' $cred = Get-LabCredential Enter-PSSession -VMName $cfg.VmName -Credential $cred } 'console' { $r = Invoke-LabCommand -ScriptBlock { $out = @() foreach ($f in 'C:\BakNRet-Lab\logs\provision.log') { if (Test-Path $f) { $out += "===== $f ====="; $out += @(Get-Content $f -Tail 40 -Encoding UTF8) } } $latest = Get-ChildItem 'C:\BakNRet-Lab\logs' -Filter 'backup-*.log' -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Sort-Object LastWriteTime | Select-Object -Last 1 if ($latest) { $out += "===== $($latest.FullName) ====="; $out += @(Get-Content $latest.FullName -Tail 60 -Encoding UTF8) } $out } $r | ForEach-Object { Write-Host $_ } } 'checkpoint' { if (-not $CheckpointName) { $CheckpointName = 'lab-' + (Get-Date -Format 'MMdd-HHmm') } Checkpoint-VM -Name $cfg.VmName -SnapshotName $CheckpointName Write-LabLog "已创建检查点 $CheckpointName" 'STEP' } 'reset' { if (-not $CheckpointName) { $CheckpointName = $cfg.CheckpointName } $snap = Get-VMSnapshot -VMName $cfg.VmName -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Where-Object Name -eq $CheckpointName if (-not $snap) { throw "找不到检查点 $CheckpointName" } Write-LabLog "回到检查点 $CheckpointName" 'STEP' Restore-VMSnapshot -VMSnapshot $snap -Confirm:$false $null = Wait-LabVMRunning -TimeoutSeconds 240 Write-LabLog ("VM 状态:{0}" -f (Get-LabVm).State) 'STEP' } 'destroy' { if (-not $Confirm) { throw '这会删除 VM 与系统盘。确认请加 -Confirm。' } $vm = Get-LabVm if ($vm) { if ($vm.State -ne 'Off') { Stop-VM -Name $cfg.VmName -TurnOff -Force } Remove-VM -Name $cfg.VmName -Force Write-LabLog "已删除虚拟机 $($cfg.VmName)" 'STEP' } if (Test-Path -LiteralPath $cfg.VhdxPath) { Remove-Item -LiteralPath $cfg.VhdxPath -Force Write-LabLog "已删除系统盘 $($cfg.VhdxPath)" 'STEP' } Write-LabLog '($LabRoot 下的日志与凭据保留,便于排查)' 'WARN' } }